Herpes simplex virus (HSV) Cold Sores; Genital Sores/Ulcers

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What is Herpes simplex virus Cold Sores; Genital Sores/Ulcers?

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There are two different strains of herpes simplex viruses. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is usually associated with infections of the lips, mouth, and face. It is the most common herpes simplex virus among the general population and is usually acquired in childhood. HSV-1 often causes lesions inside the mouth such as cold sores (fever blisters) and is transmitted by contact with infected saliva. By adulthood, up to 90% of individuals will have antibodies to HSV-1. Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is sexually transmitted and is usually associated with genital ulcers or sores. Individuals may, however, harbor HSV-2 and not have developed any symptoms. Up to 30% of U.S. adults have antibodies against HSV. Cross-infection of type 1 and 2 viruses may occur from oral-genital contact. In addition to oral and genital lesions, the virus can also lead to complications such as meningoencephalitis (infection of the lining of the brain and the brain itself) or cause infection of the eye -- in particular the conjunctiva, and cornea. For more health information on herpes simplex virus visit your doctor.

Who gets Herpes simplex virus Cold Sores; Genital Sores/Ulcers?

This is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. It is most prevalent in 16-24 males and females.

Predisposing Factors

Unprotected sex with an infected individual or coming into direct contact with body fluids (eg. blood). Recurrences of Herpes may be precipitated by overexposure to sunlight, fever, stress, acute illness, and medications or conditions that weaken the immune system (such as cancer, HIV/AIDS). and use of corticosteroids).

Progression

The disease is transmitted during close contact with a person who is shedding the virus. Most genital herpes is due to HSV type 2 although genital contact with oral lesions caused by HSV-1 can also produce genital infection.

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